A corneal ulcer (aka ulcerative keratitis) is an inflammatory or infectious condition of the cornea involving disruption if the outer and middle layer. Corneal ulcers are common condition in humans, particularly with people living in tropical climates. Children with vitamin A deficiency are also at high risk of corneal ulcers and may suffer permanent visual damage.
Corneal ulcers are often caused by trauma, chemical injury, contact lens wear, and infection. Advanced eye dryness (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is also another possible cause. Many micro-organisms cause infective corneal ulcers; among them are bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and chlamydia.
Corneal ulcers are extremely painful due to nerve exposure, and can cause tearing, squinting, and blurry vision. Eye redness and light sensitivity is also common.
A corneal ulcer is typically diagnosed by an eye care provider, and proper treatment depends on the cause. Bacterial ulcers require potent antibiotic therapy while fungal ulcer require intensive anti-fungal treatment. Viral ulcers, often caused by a herpes virus, respond well to antiviral medication. Superficial ulcers will often heal in less than a week, but deep ulcers may require more invasive treatment including surgery. Proper nutrition including vitamin C and protein is usually advised.
If you have signs and/or symptoms of a corneal ulcer, contact your eye care provider immediately.
Dr. Bradley J. Wicklund - Optometrist
20/20 Visions, LLC
100 Carr Road
Plymouth, WI 53073
(920) 893-3937
www.20-20visions.com
bwicklund@20-20visions.com
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